June 23
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June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 191 days remaining.
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[edit] Events
- 1305 - Flemish-French peace treaty signed at Athis-sur-Orge.
- 1314 - Start of the Battle of Bannockburn south of Stirling, Edward II of England & Robert I of Scotland met in battle. Scotland won and Edward fled the field and Scotland.
- 1532 - Henry VIII & François I sign secret treaty against Emperor Charles V.
- 1611 - The mutinous crew of Henry Hudson's fourth voyage sets Henry, his son and seven loyal crew members adrift in an open boat in the Atlantic Ocean; they are never heard from again.
- 1661 - Marriage contract between Charles II of England & Catharina of Portugal.
- 1683 - William Penn signs friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape Indians in Pennsylvania.
- 1713 - French residents of Acadia given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia Canada. [1]
- 1757 - Battle of Plassey - 3000 British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000 strong Indian army under Siraj Ud Daulah at Plassey.
- 1758 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Krefeld - British forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany.
- 1760 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Landshut - Austria beats Prussia.
- 1794 - Empress Catherine II grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev.
- 1810 - John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
- 1812 - War of 1812: Great Britain had revoked the restrictions on American commerce, thus eliminating one of the chief reasons for going to war.
- 1858 - Six-year-old Edgardo Mortara is seized by Papal authorities.
- 1860 - The US Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
- 1865 - American Civil War: At Fort Towson in Oklahoma Territory Confederate General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant rebel army.
- 1887 - The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada, creating that nation's first national park, Banff National Park. [2]
- 1888 - Frederick Douglass is the first African-American nominated for US president.
- 1894 - International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne, Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
- 1919 - Defeat of German forces at Cesis in northern Latvia during Estonian Liberation War, now celebrated annually as Estonian Victory Day.
- 1931 - Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to circumnavigate the world in a single-engine plane.
- 1938 - The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
- 1940 - World War II: German leader Adolf Hitler surveys newly defeated Paris in now occupied France.
- 1941 - Lithuanian Activist Front initiates Lithuanian 1941 independence from the Soviet Union; it lasted only briefly as the Nazis occupied Lithuania a few weeks later.
- 1942 - World War II: The first selections for the gas chamber at Auschwitz take place on a trainload of Jews from Paris.
- 1942 - World War II: Germany's latest fighter, a Focke-Wulf FW190 is captured intact when it mistakenly lands in Wales.
- 1943 - World War II: The British destroyers Eclipse and Laforey sink the Italian submarine Ascianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser Newfoundland.
- 1945 - World War II: Operation Overlord - The Imperial Japanese armed forces ended organized resistance to the U.S. armed forces in the Mabuni area on the southern tip of the main island of Okinawa.
- 1947 - The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman's veto of the Taft-Hartley Act.
- 1955 - In the Strahov Stadium in Prague the 1st all-national Spartakiáda begins.
- 1956 - Gamal Abdel Nasser elected president of Egypt.
- 1958 - The Dutch Reformed Church accepts women ministers.
- 1959 - Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany (where he resumed a scientific career).
- 1959 - A fire in a resort hotel in Stalheim, Norway kills 34 people.
- 1967 - Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Aleksei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.
- 1967 - Mohawk Airlines Flight 40 crashes due to an incorectly installed valve, killing all 34 on board.
- 1968 - 74 are killed and 150 injured in a soccer stampede towards a closed exit in a Buenos Aires stadium.
- 1969 - Warren E. Burger is sworn in as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring chief Earl Warren.
- 1972 - Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House chief of staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation's investigation into the Watergate break-ins.
- 1972 - 45 countries leave the Sterling Area, allowing their currencies to fluctuate independently of the British Pound.
- 1973 - A fire at a house in Hull, England, which kills a six year old boy is passed off as an accident; it later emerges as the first of 26 deaths by fire caused over the next seven years by arsonist Peter Dinsdale.
- 1985 - A bomb planted by terrorists in Air India Flight 182, a Boeing 747, blew-up 31,000 feet (9500 m) above the Atlantic Ocean, South of Ireland, killing all 329 aboard.
- 1990 - Moldavia declares independence.
[edit] Births
- 47 BC - Pharaoh Ptolemy XV of Egypt
- 1433 - Francis II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1488)
- 1456 - Margaret of Denmark, wife of James III of Scotland (d. 1486)
- 1534 - Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (d. 1582)
- 1596 - Johan Banér, Swedish soldier (d. 1641)
- 1612 - André Tacquet, Belgian mathematician (d. 1660)
- 1668 - Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher and historian (d. 1744)
- 1683 - Etienne Fourmont, French orientalist (d. 1745)
- 1716 - Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English politician (d. 1789)
- 1750 - Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu, French geologist (d. 1801)
- 1763 - Josephine de Beauharnais, Empress of France (d. 1814)
- 1800 - Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and social activist (d. 1846)
- 1824 - Carl Reinecke, German musician and composer (d. 1910)
- 1884 - Cyclone Taylor, professional ice hockey player (d. 1979)
- 1888 - Bronson M. Cutting, American politician (d. 1935)
- 1889 - Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (d. 1966)
- 1894 - Alfred Kinsey, American entomologist and sexologist (d. 1956)
- 1894 - King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom (d. 1972)
- 1902 - Mathias Wieman, German actor (d. 1969)
- 1903 - Paul Joseph James Martin, Canadian politician (d. 1992)
- 1907 - James Meade, English economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
- 1909 - David Lewis, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1981)
- 1910 - Jean Anouilh, French dramatist (d. 1987)
- 1910 - Gordon B. Hinckley, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- 1910 - Milt Hinton, American jazz bassist (d. 2000)
- 1912 - Alan Turing, English mathematician (d. 1954)
- 1916 - Len Hutton, English cricketer (d. 1990)
- 1919 - Muhammad Boudiaf, Algerian political leader (d. 1992)
- 1927 - Bob Fosse, American choreographer (d. 1987)
- 1929 - June Carter Cash, American singer (d. 2003)
- 1935 - Maurice Ferre, former Puerto Rican mayor of Miami
- 1936 - Costas Simitis, Prime Minister of Greece
- 1937 - Martti Ahtisaari, President of Finland
- 1940 - Adam Faith, English singer and actor (d. 2003)
- 1940 - Lord Irvine of Lairg, Scottish Lord Chancellor
- 1940 - Wilma Rudolph, American runner (d. 1994)
- 1940 - Stuart Sutcliffe, first bassist with The Beatles (d. 1962)
- 1941 - Robert Hunter, American lyricist and poet (The Grateful Dead)
- 1943 - James Levine, American conductor
- 1943 - Vint Cerf, American Internet pioneer
- 1946 - Ted Shackleford, American actor
- 1947 - Bryan Brown, Australian actor
- 1948 - Clarence Thomas, U.S. Supreme Court Justice
- 1948 - Darhyl S. Ramsey, American author and professor of music education
- 1949 - Gordon Bray, Australian sports broadcaster
- 1955 - Glenn Danzig, American musician (The Misfits and Danzig)
- 1955 - Jean Tigana, French footballer
- 1957 - Frances McDormand, American actress
- 1961 - Zoran Janjetov, Serbian comic artist
- 1962 - Chuck Billy, American singer
- 1962 - Kevin Yagher, TV/film special effects technician
- 1963 - Colin Montgomerie, Scottish golfer
- 1964 - Joss Whedon, American producer, director, and screenwriter
- 1964 - Yun Lou, Chinese gymnast
- 1965 - Paul Arthurs, British guitarist (Oasis)
- 1966 - Chico DeBarge, American musician (DeBarge)
- 1967 - Paul King, New Zealand politician
- 1971 - Felix Potvin, Canadian professional hockey goaltender
- 1972 - Selma Blair, American actress
- 1972 - Zinedine Zidane, French footballer
- 1973 - Marie N, Latvian singer
- 1975 - Kevin Dyson, American football player
- 1975 - KT Tunstall, Scottish singer and songwriter
- 1976 - Brandon Stokley, American football player
- 1976 - Patrick Monahan, British comedian
- 1976 - Patrick Vieira, French footballer
- 1977 - Jason Mraz, American singer and songwriter
- 1979 - LaDainian Tomlinson, American football player
- 1980 - Ramnaresh Sarwan, Guyanese cricketer
- 1988 - Isabella Leong Lok-Sze, Hong Kong-based Macau born singer, actress and model
[edit] Deaths
- 79 - Vespasian, Roman Emperor (b. 9)
- 1018 - Henry I of Austria
- 1516 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
- 1555 - Pedro Mascarenhas, Portuguese explorer (b. 1470)
- 1582 - Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese military leader (b. 1537)
- 1615 - Mashita Nagamori, Japanese warlord (b. 1545)
- 1677 - Wilhelm Ludwig, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1647)
- 1686 - William Coventry, English statesman
- 1707 - John Mill, English theologian
- 1733 - Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss scholar (b. 1672)
- 1770 - Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (b. 1721)
- 1775 - Karl Ludwig, Freiherr von Pöllnitz, German adventurer and writer (b. 1692)
- 1806 - Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (b. 1723)
- 1856 - Ivan Kireevsky, Russian literary critic and philosopher (b. 1806)
- 1832 - James Hall, Scottish geologist (b. 1761)
- 1891 - Wilhelm Eduard Weber, German physicist (b. 1804)
- 1893 - Sir Theophilus Shepstone, British-born South African statesman (b. 1817)
- 1926 - Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
- 1956 - Reinhold Glière, Russian composer (b. 1875)
- 1959 - Boris Vian, French writer and musician (b. 1920)
- 1969 - Volmari Iso-Hollo, Finnish athlete (b. 1907)
- 1970 - Roscoe Turner, American aviator and racer (b. 1895)
- 1980 - Clyfford Still, American painter (b. 1904)
- 1991 - Eric Andolsek, African American football player (b. 1966)
- 1995 - Jonas Salk, American medical researcher (b. 1914)
- 1995 - Anatoly Tarasov, Russian ice hockey coach (b. 1918)
- 1996 - Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
- 1998 - Maureen O'Sullivan, Irish actress (b. 1911)
- 1999 - Buster Merryfield, British actor (b. 1920)
- 2001 - Yvonne Dionne, one of the Canadian Dionne quintuplets (b. 1934)
- 2002 - Pedro 'El Rockero' Alcazar, Panamanian boxer (b. 1975)
- 2003 - Maynard Jackson, Mayor of Atlanta, Georgia (b. 1938)
- 2005 - Shana Alexander, American columnist (b. 1926)
- 2006 - Aaron Spelling, American television producer (b. 1923)
- 2006 - Luke Graham, Wrestler, and 1-half of First-ever Tag Team Champions (b. 1940)
[edit] Holidays and observances
- Jāņi (Līgo) - Latvia
- Midsummer's Eve, Christianized the eve of the feast of Saint John the Baptist, is celebrated in much of Northern Europe and the British Islands
- Victory Day - Estonia
- Father's Day - Poland
- Grand Duke's Official Birthday - Luxembourg
[edit] Liturgical feasts
- Saint Etheldreda
- Saint Jonas Day - especially celebrated in Lithuania
- Saint Lietbert of Brakel (died 1076)
- Blessed Mary of Oignies (died 1213)
[edit] External links
June 22 - June 24 - May 23 - July 23 -- listing of all days
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